the defer keyword is pre-pended to a func, and:

... deferred functions are invoked immediately before the surrounding function returns, in the reverse order they were deferred.

In other words, deferred functions are called right before a block exits, in a LIFO method - last function declared is the first executed

• Used to pass values between functions and processes
• Safe to use across different go-routines
• Convention is to use ctx variable as first argument to a func that uses context
• withValue() , withTimer()

Casting only works on non-interfaces, example:

(type1) var_type2 //var_type2 casted to type1

Type assertion only works on interfaces, example:

var_interface.(type)

func can exist within a struct definition, however two resulting objects of this struct would then not be able to be compared to one another - since the struct func definition only holds the func header, not the func body

Go's "slices" are actually pointers to a backing array. This means that whether you pass the slice by reference or by value, you still read or write to the same backing array